A timeline of the snowiest blizzards in DC, Maryland and Virginia history

We are starting off winter this year with something we have not had since 2019 – measurable snow already on the record books for the season. 

Now it is not much. DCA only picked up 0.1" of snow, but areas like Sterling, VA have already picked up more snow (0.5") than they did all of last season. 

This is expected to be just a small taste of more snow to come this winter. 

READ MORE: DMV Winter 2023-2024 Outlook: Why we're expecting more snow, chance for blizzards in DC this winter

This is an El Niño winter, and those have a history of producing some big time snows here in the Washington, DC region. For example, the last El Niño winter produced one of top three largest blizzards in the history of city back in January of 2016. 

What storms beat out this monstrous blizzard? Let's take a look back at the largest blizzards our area has ever seen...

January 22-23, 2016 – 17.8" Officially 

The most recent major blizzard to hit our region occurred 8 years ago in the middle of what was actually one of the warmest winters in DMV history. The powerful blizzard buried suburbs like North Potomac, MD in nearly 40" of snow. Over 100,000 people lost power as winds gusted over 50 mph. Nationally, the storm caused ½ a billion dollars in damages and caused the deaths of 55 people. It was a category 5 blizzard on the Regional Snowfall Index scale (RSI), the most extreme category.

February 5-6, 2010 – 17.8" Officially

The storm that would go down in the history books as "Snowmageddon." It was the most impactful blizzard of the snowiest winter in DMV history. The storm struck on a Friday with heavy snow falling well into the morning hours of Saturday. Elkridge, MD saw the highest snowfall totals with just over 38" of snow, while Dulles Airport picked up just about 33". A category 4 blizzard on the RSI scale, its impact was exacerbated a second blizzard on February 9-10 that added an additional foot of snow in many locations.

December 18-19, 2009 – 16.4" Officially

This was the first storm of the monster 2009-2010 winter that would bring nearly 60" of snow in total to the area. This blizzard remains the most intense to ever hit our area in the month of December. A category 4 blizzard on the RSI scale, this storm brought Olney, MD nearly two feet of snowfall in the days before Christmas. Enough snow fell that D.C. was still reporting over half a foot on the ground during Christmas Day.

February 16-18, 2003 – 16.4" Officially 

Known to many as the Presidents' Day Storm of 2003, this storm could have been significantly worse for the District had sleet not mixed in with the snow during the latter half of the storm. This RSI category 4 blizzard remains the snowiest on record for Baltimore, where over 28" of snow was measured officially. DC, Boston, New York and places in-between picked up over a foot of snow, crippling the I-95 corridor.

January 7-9, 1996 – 17.3" Officially

One of only three blizzards to ever receive a category 5 ranking on the RSI scale, this powerful storm dropped over two feet of snow at Dulles Airport, while parts of the West Virginia mountains received four feet of snow. Much of the I-81 corridor received over 30" of snow. The storm is believed to have been a factor in a deadly Metro crash at Shady Grove station. 

You can also view this look back on YouTube. 

February 10-11, 1983 – 16.6" Officially

This Blizzard, known as the "Megalopolitan Blizzard of 1983," is remembered widely for its intense episodes of "thundersnow," mostly across Maryland during the height of the storm. Germantown and Frederick, MD each received over 30" of snow, while western Loudoun County received as much as 3 feet. A category 4 blizzard on the RSI scale, the storm is also known for sinking a bulk carrier, the SS Marine Electric, off the Virginia coastline, killing 31 crew.

February 18-19, 1979 – 18.7" Officially

The original President's Day blizzard, this storm was known for catching our region completely off guard. Weather forecasting has come a long way since the 1970s, but back then the guidance available to weather forecasters did not show a major storm until about 24 hours prior to the first snow falling. After an initial snow of about 4," a rapidly intensifying nor’easter brought snowfall rates exceeding 5" per hour to some locations, and areas within the beltway picked up nearly 2 feet of snow.

February 15-16, 1958 – 14.4" Officially 

Another winter that featured two blizzards, though the second one in March 1958 mostly impacted areas farther northwest of the D.C. Metro area, this blizzard was part of a powerful coastal nor’easter remembered as being one of the worst for portions of the interior Northeast. The blizzard buried the DC-Baltimore corridor in a widespread 1-2 feet of snow.

February 7, 1936 – 14.4" Officially

Coming in the midst of what remains the coldest February for the contiguous United States, the storm is remembered for it’s widespread heavy snows across the entirety of the Mid-Atlantic. Even the lower Eastern Shore, which typically sees warm air aloft keep snowfall rates down due to ocean interference, picked up widespread 12-18" of snowfall. Extreme snow in the mountains followed by continued cold temperatures and a lack of melting were the precursors to the Great Spring Flood of March 1936, which was one of the worst recorded flooding events for our region.

January 27-29, 1922 – 28.0" Officially

What still stands as the snowiest single storm in DC area history happened over a century ago. Now infamously known as the "Knickerbocker Blizzard" after the heavy snows caused the collapse of the roof of the Knickerbocker Theater, killing nearly 100 people who were attending a showing of Get-Rich-Quick Wallingford during the height of the storm. It was an extremely rare case of a cutoff-low nor’easter, which caused the storm to move at nearly half the forward speed of a typical blizzard up the East Coast. 

Richmond (19"), Washington, D.C. (28") and Baltimore (25") were all paralyzed by widespread 2-3 feet snowfall amounts. This is the worst snowstorm in D.C. history that we have verified data for, though it should be noted that the Washington-Jefferson Snowstorm of 1772 may have been greater, with estimates of widespread 30-36" of snow made in the journals of the two great presidents. 

February 12-14, 1899 – 20.0" Officially 

Now remembered as the Great Blizzard of 1899, it occurred during one of the most extreme outbreaks of arctic air ever recorded in the United States, and remembered for just how widespread the snowfall was, particularly across areas of the Southeast. Snow showers were reported as far south as New Orleans, LA and Tampa, FL. Much of Florida recorded record cold temperatures as the storm crossed, including Miami falling to 29°F. 

Following an initial blizzard on February 8th that dropped 14" of snow, temperatures plummeted to their coldest on record including -15°F for downtown D.C. while Quantico dropped to -20°F. A week later, this second and stronger blizzard added an additional nearly 21" of snow. By the time the snow was done, D.C. had a official snow depth of 34" (from both blizzards) which is a record that remains to this day. February of 1899 remains the snowiest month on record for D.C. with 35.2" of snow. The winter of 1899 was so cold over the eastern United States that ice flowed from the Mississippi River into the Gulf of Mexico. 

Bonus: The Blizzard of 1993

While the blizzard of 1993 did much more damage to the Northeast, it had a significant impact on the DMV. 

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